Wednesday, December 5, 2012

Curcumin: A Foundational Antioxidant

 by Sean Wells




Along with numerous nutrients that have been deemed as required in human nutrition, there are others for which no RDA exists, but that most of us should perhaps be more interested in, given the benefits they offer. In this category, one compound that seems to represent a bit of an unsung hero is curcumin.
Found in turmeric—a common spice of the Middle East—curcumin has a lengthy history in ancient culture, both in culinary and medical circles. The popularity of turmeric has recently increased in America as well, with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimating that approximately 2,400 metric tons of turmeric are imported into the U.S. annually.
Along with this increase in general use, curcumin has stimulated an increase in the clinical research community. Studies thus far suggest the spice derivative possesses potential benefits in regard to inflammation, a primary precursor of diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease.
These far-reaching benefits are a product of curcumins powerful antioxidant properties. All three of the above ailments are accompanied by inflammation, and according to some research prompted by it. It is in combating this ongoing cellular damage that curcumins value resides. These benefits can include virtually all the body’s tissues, including brain tissue. One particularly exciting application for curcumin is in the support of treatment for both Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s.
In the past, a minor impediment to research was product potency. Most commercial turmeric preparations consist of only two to eight percent active curcumin. Recent innovations in manufacturing technology, however, have produced the next generation of this spice derivative. Known as BCM-95®, it has been shown in several studies to display a bioavailability of over six times that of conventionally prepared curcumin—this translates to a 400 mg dose of BCM-95 delivering the same usable amount of curcumin as 2,700 mg of standard extract.
Although, as mentioned, there is no RDA for curcumin, this same 400 mg dose is around the average recommendation of most experts, with some therapeutic studies using 10 times that amount in certain therapeutic-level applications.
It is important in the pursuit of optimum nutrition to be as comprehensive as possible in our collective research; it is the eventual discovery of compounds such as curcumin that more than compensate for our time and effort. This writing hopefully has delivered some insight into the benefits of one of the slightly lesser-known nutrients, and encouraged additional exploration.

 



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3 Minerals For Managing Blood Pressure


By Kerri Whatley / Intern

Approximately 68 million Americans suffer from hypertension; of that number, 60,000 of them will progress into a potentially fatal stage of cardiovascular disease. By taking a few basic steps, however, it is possible to defy these statistics.
There are many ways that high blood pressure can be managed effectively, many of which are natural and relatively simple. Trying to relax more often whenever possible is one way; making sure to get some type of exercise on most days of the week is another. A third element that is very important is proper nutrition. In particular, vitamin and mineral intake can have an almost surprising benefit for helping to maintain normal blood pressure.
3 Minerals That Can Help Manage Blood Pressure
  • Potassium: Potassium does a lot for our bodies and immune systems; one of its many responsibilities is removing bodily waste (a cause of high blood pressure). Researchers at Duke University found that getting more potassium could help relieve high blood pressure up to 20 points for people most at risk. The recommended intake would be 4700 milligrams a day.
  • Magnesium: Most of the time potassium and magnesium work hand in hand. However, on its own, magnesium is an essential part of normal muscle and nerve function, steady heartbeat, strong bones and a healthy immune system. The suggested intake would be 500 milligrams daily.
  • Calcium: As people age, calcium content in bones reduces, and intake of calcium-rich foods tends to decline; unfortunately, lower levels of calcium have also been linked to high blood pressure, making this particular mineral doubly important. The recommended dosage would be 1250 milligrams a day.
Although it has been established that these minerals will help maintain healthy blood pressure, it is important to employ the measures related to stress reduction and regular exercise mentioned as well. In addition, it is recommended that all adults over the age of 35—especially those with a family history of heart disease—have their blood pressure measured annually.


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Children and Calcium

Milk and other calcium-rich foods have always been a must-have in kids’ diets. After all, calcium is a key building block for strong, healthy bones. But more than 85% of girls and 60% of boys ages 9 to 18 fail to get the recommended 1,300 milligrams of calcium per day.
That’s not surprising when you consider that many kids now drink more soda than milk, which is one of the best sources of calcium. But at every age, from infancy to adolescence, calcium is one nutrient that kids simply can’t afford to skip.
What Does Calcium Do?
During childhood and adolescence, the body uses the mineral calcium to build strong bones — a process that’s all but complete by the end of the teen years.
Teens, especially girls, whose diets don’t provide the nutrients to build bones to their maximum potential are at greater risk of developing the bone disease osteoporosis, which increases the risk of fractures from weakened bones. Younger kids and babies with little calcium and vitamin D intake (which aids in calcium absorption) are at increased risk for rickets. Rickets is a bone-softening disease that causes severe bowing of the legs, poor growth, and sometimes muscle pain and weakness.
Calcium plays an important role in muscle contraction, transmitting messages through the nerves, and the release of hormones. If blood calcium levels are low (due to poor calcium intake), calcium is taken from the bones to ensure normal cell function.
The current calcium recommendations are:
  • 1 to 3 years — 500 milligrams of calcium daily
  • 4 to 8 years — 800 milligrams
  • 9 to 18 years — 1,300 milligrams
Getting enough calcium is just part of the equation. All children — from babies to teens — also should get 400 IU of vitamin D daily. If you don’t think your child is getting the nutrients needed, talk to your doctor about modifying your child’s diet or giving vitamin supplements to your child.

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How to Defeat Holiday Stress

It might be the most wonderful time of the year, but the holiday season might sometimes make you feel a little bah-humbug. Planning the parties. Family coming to town – all of them. Buying gifts on the credit card. Even in good times, stress is something we cannot escape. And unless contained and controlled, stress can take physical and emotional tolls on you.
When you’re under stress, you may find it harder to eat healthy. You become a stress-eater: someone who eats in an attempt to fulfill emotional needs, even when you’re not hungry. Most of the time, you’re not reaching for celery stalks – out come the cookies, candy canes and every other non-healthy holiday option.
Plus, your body’s hormones begin to get out of whack. Your adrenal glands – which give the body bursts of strength and energy – kick in more frequently, which can lead to fatigue, sluggishness and imbalanced blood sugar levels. Plus, constant stress can cause the body to create and store more fat. Combined with stress-eating, your body begins to gain excess belly, which is known to be a bit harder to lose. This combination – can lead to excess holiday weight gain, a major reason the weight loss industry comes alive after the holidays (New Year’s Resolution, anyone?).
In addition to the physical problems, excess stress leads to quick loss of temper, outbursts and difficulty with focus. Plus, who wants to feel more frustration, anxiety and tired around the holidays? You want to enjoy your holidays, meaning you need to cut your stress levels as much as possible. Here are some tips and techniques on how to deal with stress so it doesn’t get the best of you this holiday season:
  • Before eating, ask yourself why you’re eating — are you truly hungry or do you feel stressed or anxious?
  • If you’re tempted to eat when you’re not hungry, find a distraction.
  • Don’t skip meals, especially breakfast.
  • Practice relaxation skills, such as yoga, massage or meditation.
  • Engage in regular physical activity or exercise.
  • Get adequate sleep.
  • Get encouragement from supportive friends and family.
Supplements have also been studied for their affects on relieving stress, with certain ingredients being shown to have an impact on stress levels:
  • L-Theanine: A major amino acid found in green tea, theanine has historically been used for its relaxing effects. It is believed theanine may work for relaxation by promoting normal levels of Gamma Amino Butyric Acid and serotonin.
  • Rhodiola: Also called roseroot, this ingredient has long been associated with increasing the body’s resistance to the harmful effects of stressors, in addition to its potential for supporting learning and memory.
  • Ashwagandha: An Indian herb also known as Winter Cherry, its antioxidant and sedative properties have been proven to help inhibit occasional fatigue, boost energy, promote emotional well-being and counteract the negative effects of stress.
  • Passion Flower Extract: Research suggests apigenin – a flavonoid found in passion flower – can bind to receptors in the brain, possibly causing relaxation and helping regulate mood without impairing memory or motor skills.
The season is meant to bring the best out of everyone, not the worst. It’s about family, friends, and fellowship. Following these tips can help ensure that the holidays don’t stress you out.

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Astaxanthin Continues to Display Substantial Cardiovascular Benefits

by Dr. Mark Lange

Astaxanthin is a xanthophyll carotenoid of predominantly marine origin having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects demonstrated in both experimental and human studies. Humans cannot synthesize carotenoids and therefore are required to source them in their diet. Oxidative stress and inflammation are common pathophysiological features of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore astaxanthin may have a potential therapeutic role in this condition.
Antioxidant therapies such as vitamin E, C and β-carotene have been assessed in clinical trials in patients at risk of cardiovascular events. The majority of the studies have been unsuccessful in reducing cardiovascular events and mortality. This may not be due to lack of efficacy of the antioxidant but could be because at risk participants have not been selected based on the presence of confirmed oxidative stress.
New, more portent and effective antioxidant therapies have been sought. One such agent is astaxanthin. Astaxanthin is 11 times more potent as a singlet oxygen quencher than β-carotene and 550 times greater than alpha tocopherol. It is a more potent quencher of singlet oxygen than other antioxidants and its molecular structure allows for spanning the cellular lipid bilayer to provide versatile antioxidant actions. The polar end groups overlap the polar boundary zones of the membrane, while the nonpolar middle fits the membrane’s nonpolar interior.
Astaxanthin may provide cardiovascular protection through reducing oxidative stress. The effect of dietary astaxanthin in doses of 0, 2 or 8 mg/day, over 8 weeks, on oxidative stress and inflammation were investigated in a double blind study in 14 health females. Although these participants did not have oxidative stress or inflammation, those taking 2 mg/day had lower CRP at week eight.
Astaxanthin’s effect on CRP was also investigated in a small double-blind trial. Subjects (ages 40-60; n = 19), with no diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, received three softgel capsules daily supplying either astaxanthin at 12 mg/day or placebo for eight weeks. Those supplementing with astaxanthin lowered CRP levels by about 20 percent.
Astaxanthin also appears to have positive effect on blood pressure. Oral astaxanthin administered to spontaneously hypertensive rats showed a significant reduction in BP after 14 days. In animal studies, it has been shown that astaxanthin enhances nitric oxide induced vascular relaxation, indicating that it may be exerting its BP effects via this pathway.
Astaxanthin is safe. The liver does not convert astaxanthin into vitamin A or otherwise biochemically transform it. Instead it becomes incorporated into low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein, which then distribute it to the tissues via the circulation. Excess intake of astaxanthin will not cause hypervitaminosis A toxicity. No significant side effects have been reported so far in published human studies in which astaxanthin was administered to humans.
Astaxanthin, a substance established as the most potent antioxidant yet discovered, has scientifically proven anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties supporting cardiovascular health. The fact that astaxanthin is naturally derived with no side effects makes it very attractive to people as a health supplement.

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Key Nutrients for Men’s Health

by Crystal Shelton


As a man, certain aspects of your health can be expected to deteriorate with age. Prostate health is one of those concerns that most men, if they live long enough, will have to address. Sexual health and function can also be a concern in general or as one begins to age. Fortunately, there are some key ingredients that have been shown to play significant roles in these areas of prostate health and sexual function working through a variety of mechanisms of action: these are saw palmetto, zinc, schizandra, Pycnogenol® and arginine.
With regards to prostate health, saw palmetto extract has traditionally been used and clinically researched for a variety of indications related to the promotion of prostate health, primarily for its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Studies have shown it helps to reduce the symptoms associated with prostate issues such as frequent and painful urination. It is suggested that saw palmetto inhibits an enzyme known to convert testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT plays an active role in the development and worsening of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as prostate cancer, by enlarging the prostate gland. Other research also suggests saw palmetto induces cell death (apoptosis) in unhealthy cells by inhibiting growth factors that may cause excessive growth of prostate cells. Additionally, saw palmetto has effects of promoting a normal inflammatory response by inhibiting enzymes that promote inflammation.
Zinc is an essential mineral that actually has effects in both prostate and sexual health. As most are aware, zinc is found in every cell of the body and is an essential part of nearly 300 different biochemical pathways. In addition to its multiple functions in the body, zinc accumulates higher in prostate tissue than in any other soft tissue. It protects prostate cells from the negative effects of free radicals and is critical in maintaining the cellular health within the prostate. Zinc is important in the protection and repair of DNA, which also protects prostate cells from genetic changes that could promote the occurrence of cancerous tissues. Low zinc levels have been associated with the development and progression of prostate cancer. Zinc works as an antioxidant and an anti-inflammatory agent. Zinc also plays a role in in testosterone physiology, a critical hormone for men’s health. With age, testosterone levels decline so supplementing with zinc is very important. Zinc is also associated with male fertility and clinical research suggests low levels are associated with a lower sperm count and decreased sperm motility. Supplementation with zinc was shown to improve these parameters and help with maintaining a normal sperm count.
Schizandra, also known as wu-wei-zi or spelled as schisandra, is an adaptogenic herb with a long history of use in ancient Chinese medicine for promoting general well-being and enhancing vitality. In addition to its traditional use of helping the body adapt to stress and promoting energy, schizandra has historically been taken to promote sexual health. It’s suggested that schizandra promotes healthy levels of nitric oxide, an important factor for increased blood flow, which plays a substantial role in erection physiology. Other health effects such as enhancing physical performance and promoting strength have also been shown for schizandra.
Pycnogenol®, a standardized pine bark extract, and arginine, an amino acid, have been shown to work synergistically for optimizing sexual health in men and helping to maintain a healthy erection. Erection health is largely dependent on adequate blood flow which is facilitated by nitric oxide production. Nitric oxide is a gas that enhances smooth muscle relaxation and blood flow. There is substantial research to support arginine’s function in alleviating male impotence as it stimulates the production of nitric oxide and improves blood flow. Arginine has also been shown to increase sperm count, as well as sperm motility. Pycnogenol was shown to reduce the severity of male impotence from moderate to mild as well as restore the ability to maintain a healthy erection. One study found supplementation with arginine and Pycnogenol for 3 months caused a significant improvement allowing 92.5% of the men with erectile dysfunction to experience a normal erection without any side effects. Another study found Pycnogenol to have a beneficial effect on treatment of erectile dysfunction.
One cannot stop the aging process or the detrimental effects on the prostate and sexual health that are a part of it. Luckily, there are clinically studied nutrients that have been proven as key factors in maintaining optimal prostate health and sexual vitality and function for men.

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